Language information from 2008 survey:
Preliminary Report on Several Linguistic and Sociolinguistic Features of Papuan Malay
GR Scott, H. Kim, B.E.W. Rumaropen, E.L. Scott, C.G. Nussy, A.C.M. Yumbi, dan R.C. Cochran
The existence of Malay (s) in Papua long before the introduction of the Indonesian language as officially recorded in history is supported by observation (Adelaar and Prentice 1996, Donohue will come; Steinhauer, 1991). The authors suggest that the Malays of Ambon, Manado and North Maluku are key contributors to the eventual formation of Papuan Malay (Adelaar & Prentice, 1996, Pauw 2007), while the former language arose during a long period of time as a result of contact between market Malay speakers from the far west and centre.
It is said that initial contact with Papuans in Yapen Malay happened on the island in 1705 (van However, Malay did not make "significant progress" to the island of New Guinea until the 19th century (Seiler 1982, Adelaar & Prentice 1996). While conquest and trade may have played a seminal role in "planting" Malays in Papua, it was the Dutch who ultimately ensured its growth. The Dutch government of Papua made use of Malay as the language of Ambon, but this was not officially recognized by the government (Collins 1998).
From the early 20th century, many government employees (teachers, clerks, police) and preachers in Papua spoke Ambon Malay (or other Malay varieties, for example, Keiese and Manado, Roosman 1982, Adelaar and Prentice 1996, Suharno 1979, C Grimes 1996 domains religion). After World War II, the government set up training centers in Papua, and this helped to introduce "standard" Malay as the language of education, the language spoken by missionaries in eastern Indonesia and Indonesian-speaking migrants from elsewhere in the archipelago (Roosman 1982; Chauvel 2001, Donohue and Sawaki, 2007).
One writer claims that Papuan Malay is basically Ambon Malay (Roosman 1982); a claim that cannot be supported by survey work done to date, or the instinct of mother tongue speakers. Malay has been the language of wider contact in the Indonesian archipelago long before European contact. Trade and the spread of Islam were key contributors to the expansion of market Malay (BD Grimes 1991).
As it scattered throughout the archipelago, market Malay experienced pidginization according to the definition of Adelaar and Prentice. At that time it developed into an eastern Indonesian creole Pidgin, including Papuan Malay. These features include: possessive with, the plural pronoun conjunction, and auxilaries of the verbs to give and to make. Interestingly, this feature can be associated with some suggested contact between Malay and Chinese merchants, ie, they are formed by Chinese influence. Van Velzen found this ethnicity in the Biak region; suggesting a trade role with Biak.
Based on this contact with Ambon, Roosman claims that is is, in fact, Ambonese Malay. This statement clearly simplifies the process of contact with other regional Malays, and rejects the possibility of Papuanisation. That is, standard Malay as the forerunner of modern standard Indonesian.
